English Literature 2018

The research aimed to discuss the elements of nature in the poem entitled “Woman Work” written by Maya Angelou. The speaker of the poem used nature as the object of escapism. The research used some theories to meet the topic of discussion. The basic theories of the research were symbol, imagery and figures of speech. They were two figures of speech as the poetic devices in the poem, that is, personification and apostrophe. They were two supporting theories that dealt with the topic, e.i. nature and escapism. There were two approaches that were used: structural and formalistic approaches. Library research is the technique of collecting data. The finding of the research was that the speaker of the poem endowed the elements of nature (which are non-living objects) with human qualities in an attempt to feel less lonely. In the absence of human company, it was the sun, the rain, the snow, dewdrops, the wind, the sky, mountains, oceans, leaves, stones, “star shine” and “moon glow” that were her friends. “Woman Work” was a very domestic poem depicting the typical routine life of a woman who performed her daily chores effectively and then yearned for a fantastic break amidst the elements of nature to give her strength and comfort.

PREFACE Any book about poetry must be written in the hope that it will win new hearts and minds of both the pleasures and the profits in reading of poems. Poetry can be enjoyed without reading books about it; the taste for it is often innate, like the impulse to write it. Since poetry is an art, with language as its medium, and art and craft are indivisible, the chapters in this book deal with the basic verbal techniques—meaning, rhythm and metric, the main three poetic devices: sound, structural and sense devices, and the types of poetry. There are some poems that must be analyzed based on the discussion in each chapter.

The research aims to discuss the social class in French society, that is, Bourgeoisie. The objectives of the research is to portray the failure of bourgeoisie in Gustave Flaubert’s Madam Bovary and the effects of the failure of bourgeoisie toward two main characters, Emma Bovary and Charles Bovary. The main theories that are used to analyze the data are Marxism, bourgeoisie and setting. While, the method of the research is descriptive method and library research is used as the technique of collecting data. There are four approaches used, that is, moral and philosophical approach, historical biographical approach, psychological approach and sociological approach. The findings of the research are failure of bourgeoisie when Flaubert mocks the bourgeois class’s pretensions to knowledge and learning and its faith in the power of technologies that it does not completely understand. Emma becomes discontented and rebellious, while Charles is devoted to Emma and ashamed of his downfall.